Đặt \(\frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{a_2}{a_3}=...=\frac{a_{n-1}}{a_n}=\frac{a_n}{a_1}=k\)

=>\(\frac{a_1}{a_2}.\frac{a_2}{a_3}.....\frac{a_{n-1}}{a_n}.\frac{a_n}{a_1}=k.k.....k.k\)

=>\(k^n=\frac{a_1.a_2.....a_{n-1}.a_n}{a_2.a_3.....a_n.a_1}\)

=>\(k^n=1=1^n\)

=>k=1

=>\(\frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{a_2}{a_3}=...=\frac{a_{n-1}}{a_n}=\frac{a_n}{a_1}=1\)

=>\(a_1=a_2=...=a_n\)

\(=>\frac{a^2_1+a^2_2+...+a_n^2}{\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\right)^2}\)

=\(\frac{a^2_1+a^2_1+...+a_1^2}{\left(a_1+a_1+...+a_1\right)^2}\)

=\(\frac{n.a^2_1}{\left(n.a_1\right)^2}=\frac{n.a_1^2}{n^2.a^2_1}=\frac{1}{n}\)

thế này dc ko

Áp dụng t/c của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có :

\(\frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{a_2}{a_3}=...=\frac{a_{n-1}}{a_n}=\frac{a_n}{a_1}=\frac{a_1+a_2+...+a_{n-1}+a_n}{a_2+a_3+...+a_n+a_1}\Rightarrow a_1=a_2=...=a_n\)

\(\frac{a^1_2+a^2_2+...+a^2_n}{\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\right)}=\frac{na^2_1}{\left(na_1\right)^2}=\frac{1}{n}\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a_1^2+a_2^2\ge2a_1a_2\\a_1^2+a_3^2\ge2a_1a_3\\...................\\a_{n-1}^2+a_n^2\ge2a_{n-1}a_n\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(n-1\right)\left(a_1^2+a_2^2+...+a_n^2\right)\ge2\left(a_1a_2+a_1a_3+...+a_{n-1}a_n\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow n\left(a_1^2+a_2^2+...+a_n^2\right)\ge2\left(a_1a_2+a_1a_3+...+a_{n-1}a_n\right)+\left(a_1^2+a_2^2+...+a_n^2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow n\left(a_1^2+a_2^2+...+a_n^2\right)\ge\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\right)^2\)

Áp dụng BĐT căn trung bình bình phương ta có:

\(\sqrt{\dfrac{a_1^2+a_2^2+....+a^2_n}{n}}\ge\dfrac{a_1+a_2+...+a_n}{n}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a_1^2+a_2^2+....+a^2_n}{n}\ge\left(\dfrac{a_1+a_2+...+a_n}{n}\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a_1^2+a_2^2+....+a^2_n}{n}\ge\dfrac{\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\right)^2}{n^2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a_1^2+a_2^2+....+a^2_n\ge\dfrac{\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\right)^2}{n}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow n\left(a_1^2+a_2^2+....+a^2_n\right)\ge\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\right)^2\)

Khi \(a_1=a_2=...=a_n\)

BĐT Bunyakovsky

Do \(a_1;a_2;...a_n\in\left[0;1\right]\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}0\le a_1\le1\\0\le a_2\le1\\...\\0\le a_n\le1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a_1\left(1-a_1\right)\ge0\\a_2\left(1-a_2\right)\ge0\\...\\a_n\left(1-a_n\right)\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a_1\ge a_1^2\\a_2\ge a_2^2\\...\\a_n\ge a_n^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow a_1^2+a_2^2+...+a_n^2\le a_1+a_2+...+a_n\)

Do đó ta chỉ cần chứng minh:

\(\left(1+a_1+a_2+...+a_n\right)^2\ge4\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1+2\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\right)+\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\right)^2\ge4\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\right)^2-2\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\right)+1\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_n-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

Dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(\left(a_1,a_2,...,a_n\right)=\left(0,0,..,1\right)\) và các hoán vị

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô - si với n số dương ta được 

\(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\ge n\sqrt[n]{a_1.a_2....a_n}\)

\(\frac{1}{a_1}+\frac{1}{a_2}+...+\frac{1}{a_n}\ge n\sqrt[n]{\frac{1}{a_1}.\frac{1}{a_2}....\frac{1}{a_n}}\)

Suy ra \(\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\right)\left(\frac{1}{a_1}+\frac{1}{a_2}+...+\frac{1}{a_n}\right)\ge n^2.\sqrt[n]{1}=n^2\)

(dấu "=" xẩy ra <=> a₁=a₂ =...=a_n)

Theo bat dang thuc cauchy ta co

a1+a2+...+an lon hon hoc bang n.can bac n cua (a1.a2....an) (1)

1/a1+1/a2...1/an lon hon hoac bang n.1/can bac n cua (a1.a2...an) (2)

Nhan 2 ve (1) va (2) ta duoc

(a1+a2+...+an).(1/a1+1/a2+...1/an) lon hon hoac bang n tren ​​2

=>1/a1+1/a2+...1/an lon hon hoac bang n tren 2/a1+a2+...+an

Dau bang xay ra khi a1=a2=...=an

Mk giai co hieu ko